Vol. 14 No. 2 (2022): Arch Pub Health
Public Health

Attitude and practice on Human Papillomavirus, Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and associated factors among population in the Republic of Kosova

Ernad Kosumi
Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health Doctoral Studies, Republic of North Macedonia
Milaim Kosumi
The University of Medicine Tirana, Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, Tirana, Albania
Mome Spasovski
Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje; Institute of Social Medicine, Republic of North Macedonia

Published 2022-12-30

Keywords

  • human papillomavirus,
  • cancer,
  • Republic of Kosova,
  • attitude,
  • practice

How to Cite

1.
Kosumi E, Kosumi M, Spasovski M. Attitude and practice on Human Papillomavirus, Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and associated factors among population in the Republic of Kosova. Arch Pub Health [Internet]. 2022 Dec. 30 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];14(2):34-45. Available from: https://id-press.eu/aph/article/view/6067

Abstract

Аpproximately 50–80% of sexually active women are exposed to at least one HPV variant during their lifetime. Based on the 2015 annual report of the National Institute of Public Health of Kosova, 68 new cases of cervical cancer were detected. The aim of the study was to investigate the attitude and practice regarding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the Human Papillomavirus vaccine in the population of the Republic of Kosova. Material and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the knowledge concerning HPV infections among the population aged 18 to 35+ years. The study was conducted during the period of time June 2021 –to August 2021. The sample included 500 participants. The questionnaire was anonymous, and participants were free to end their participation any time, without completing the questionnaire. Results: Regarding the claim "The HPV vaccine is safe", more than half of the respondents, respectively58.6% declare that they do not know, 33.4% of the respondents agree, 6.0% gave an incorrect answer / disagree, and 2.0% did not answer. The percentage difference between the unknown and correct answers is statistically significant for p<0.05. Conclusion: This study found out that the attitude towards the HPV vaccine among people of the Republic of Kosova is low to moderate. HPV vaccines should be included in the national immunization programs, since there is not still established national vaccination program for HPV vaccination.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Forman D, de Martel C, Lacey CJ, Soerjomataram I, Lortet-Tieulent J, Bruni L, et al. Global burden of human papillomavirus and related diseases. Vaccine. 2012;30: F12–F23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.055
  2. Giuliano AR, Nyitray AG, Kreimer AR, Pierce Campbell CM, Goodman MT, Sudenga SL, et al. EUROGIN 2014 roadmap: Differences in human papillomavirus infection natural history, transmission and human papillomavirus-related cancer incidence by gender and anatomic site of infection. Int J Cancer 2015;136: 2752–2760. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29082
  3. Veldhuijzen NJ, Snijders PJ, Reiss P, Meijer CJ, van de Wijgert JH. Factors affecting transmission of mucosal human papillomavirus. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10: 862–874. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70190-0
  4. Oakeshott P, Aghaizu A, Reid F, Howell-Jones R, Hay PE, Sadiq ST, et al. Frequency and risk factors for prevalent, incident, and persistent genital carcinogenic human papillomavirus infection in sexually active women: community based cohort study. BMJ. 2012;344: e4168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e4168
  5. Roset Bahmanyar E, Paavonen J, Naud P, Salmerón J, Chow SN, Apter D, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for cervical HPV infection and abnormalities in young adult women at enrolment in the multinational PATRICIA trial. Gynecol Oncol 2012;127: 440–450. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.08.033
  6. Jing L, Zhong X, Zhong Z, Huang W, Liu Y, Yang G, et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in Guangdong Province, China: a population-based survey of 78,355 women. Sex Transm Dis 2014;41: 732–738. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000201
  7. Keam SJ, Harper DM. Human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 vaccine (recombinant, AS04 adjuvanted, adsorbed) [Cervarix] Drugs. 2008; 68:359–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200868030-00007
  8. Moscicki A, Schiffmanb M, Kjaer S, Villa LL. Updating the natural history of HPV and anogenital cancer. Vaccine. 2006;24(Suppl. 3): S42–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.06.018
  9. WHO. Report of the consultation on human papillomavirus vaccines. WHO Immunization, Vaccine and Biologicals, Geneva. Available at: www.who.int/vaccines-document/2005. Accessed on: 15th June 2013.
  10. Joseph ET, Myriam CD, Lyndsay AR, Maaike D, Eduardo LF. Epidemiology and burden of HPV infection and related disease: Implication for prevention strategies. Preventive Medicine 2011; 53:12-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.08.017
  11. McCusker SM, Macqueen I, Lough G, MacDonald AI, Campbell C, Graham SV. Gaps in detailed knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the HPV vaccine among medical students in Scotland. BMC Public Health 2013; 13: 264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-264
  12. WHO/ICO Information Centre on HPV and Cervical Cancer (HPV Information Centre). (2010).
  13. Anil KC. Beyond cervical cancer: Burden of other HPV-related cancers among men and women. Journal of Adolescent Health 2010; 46:20- 26 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.01.016
  14. Clifford G, Franceschi S, Diaz M, Munoz N, Villa LL. HPV type-distribution in women with and without cervical neoplastic diseases. Vaccine 2006;24(Suppl. 3): S3/26–34.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.05.026
  15. Lacey CJ. Therapy for genital human papillomavirus-related disease. J Clin Virol. 2005;32(Suppl. 1): S82–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2004.10.020
  16. Knowles S. & Parker M. Female Genital Cancer in Kosovo; a situational analysis of breast and cervical cancer. UNFPA 2008.
  17. Wolniewicz E. Cervical cancer - knowledge, prevention and exposure to risk factors among students from various countries. Presented at the ISGE World Congress 2016, Volume: 32, Orlando, USA.
  18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations on the Use of Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Males - Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 60: 1705–1708.
  19. Human papillomavirus vaccines. WHO position paper, May 2017.Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2017;92(19):241–68.
  20. HPV vaccination: What Everyone should know [Internet]. Cdc.gov. 2022 [cited 2022 Mar 26]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/hpv/public/index.html
  21. Garbutt JM, Dodd S, Walling E, Lee AA, Kulka K, Lobb R. Barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination in primary care practices: a mixed methods study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. BMC family practice 2018;19(1):53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0750-5
  22. Scientific Committee on Vaccine Preventable Diseases. Recommendation on the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Hong Kong: Department of Health; 2013 Mar [accessed 2017 Jul 30].
  23. Department of Health. Fact sheet on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine for health care professionals. Hong Kong: Department of Health; 2007 Mar 20 [accessed 2017 Jul 30.
  24. Venezuela RF, Monetti MS, Kiguen AX, Frutos MC, Mosmann JP, Cuffini CG. Knowledge of the general community in Cordoba, Argentina, on Human Papilloma Virus Infection and its prevention. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016;17(5):2689–94.
  25. Juedin P, Liveright E, Carmen M, Perkins R. Race, ethnicity and income as factors for HPV vaccine acceptance and use. Human Vaccines &Immunotherapeutics. 2013; 9(7):1413-1420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.24422
  26. Young J, Bernheim R, Korte J, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination recommendation may be linked to reimbursement: a survey of Virginia family practitioners and gynecologists. Journal of Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecology. 2011; 24:380–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2011.06.016
  27. HPV also known as human papillomavirus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Website. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/diseases/teen/hpv-indepth-color.pdf. Updated July 2015. Accessed December 29, 2016.
  28. Hendry M, Lewis R, Clements A, Damery S, Wilkinson C. HPV? Never heard of it!: a systematic review of girls’ and parents’ information, views and preferences about human papillomavirus vaccination. Vaccine. 2013; 31(45):5152-5167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.091
  29. Trim K, Nagji N, Elit L, Roy K. Parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward human papillomaviruses vaccination for their children: a systematic review from 2001 to 2011. Obstetrics and Gynecology International. 2012; 2012:1-12. doi:10.1155/2012/921236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/921236
  30. Bianco A, Pileggi C, Iozzo F, Nobile CG, Pavia M. Vaccination against human papilloma virus infection in male adolescents: knowledge, attitudes, and acceptability among parents in Italy. Human Vaccines &Immunotherapeutics. 2014 Sep 2;10(9):2536–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4161/21645515.2014.969614
  31. Napolitano F, Napolitano P, Liguori G, Angelillo IF. Human papillomavirus infection and vaccination: Knowledge and attitudes among young males in Italy. Human Vaccines &Immunotherapeutics. 2016 Jun 2;12(6):1504–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1156271
  32. Di Giuseppe G, Abbate R, Liguori G, Albano L, Angelillo IF. Human papillomavirus and vaccination: Knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intention in adolescents and young women in Italy. British journal of cancer 2008;99(2):225–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6604454
  33. Venezuela RF, Monetti MS, Kiguen AX, Frutos MC, Mosmann JP, Cuffini CG. Knowledge of the general community in cordoba, argentina, on human papilloma virus infection and its prevention. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(5):2689–94.
  34. Isidean S, Tota J, Gagnon J, Franco E. Human papillomavirus vaccines: key factors in planning cost effective vaccination programs. Expert Review Vaccines. 2014:1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1586/14760584.2015.964213
  35. National Institutes of Health Website. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis or laryngeal papillomatosis. http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/pages/laryngeal.aspx. Updated April 1, 2011. Accessed December 29, 2016.
  36. Wong K, Do Y. Are there socioeconomic disparities in women having discussions on human papillomavirus vaccine with health care providers? BioMed Central Women’s Health 2012; 12(33):1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-12-33
  37. Ge S, Gong B, Cai X, Yang X, Gan X, Tong X, et al. Prevent cervical cancer by screening with reliable human papillomavirus detection and genotyping. Cancer Medicine 2012;1(1):59-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.9
  38. Ryser M, McGoff K, Herzog D, Sivakoff D, Myer E. Impact of coverage dependent marginal costs on optimal HPV vaccination strategies. Epidemics 2015; 11:32-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2015.01.003