Archives of Public Health

Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022): Archives of Public Health
Clinical Science

Evaluation of (1,3)--d-glucan assay in diagnosis of invasive fungal infections with Aspergillus

OnlineFirst pdf 98-113
  • Gordana Mirchevska,
  • Zaklina Cekovska,
  • Ana Kaftandzieva,
  • Zorica Zafirovik,
  • Elena Trajkovska-Dokic
Gordana Mirchevska
Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, “50 Divizija”6, Faculty of Medicine,“Ss.Cyril and Methodius University” in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Zaklina Cekovska
Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, “50 Divizija”6, Faculty of Medicine,“Ss.Cyril and Methodius University” in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Ana Kaftandzieva
Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, “50 Divizija”6, Faculty of Medicine,“Ss.Cyril and Methodius University” in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Zorica Zafirovik
University Clinic for Dermatology, “Mother Theresa” Campus, Ss.Cyril and Methodius University” in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Elena Trajkovska-Dokic
Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, “50 Divizija”6, Faculty of Medicine,“Ss.Cyril and Methodius University” in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3889/aph.2022.6045

Published 2022-06-23

Keywords

  • Aspergillus,
  • invasive fungal infection,
  • 1,3-ß-D-glucan panfungal marker,
  • BAL culture,
  • diagnosis

How to Cite

1.
Mirchevska G, Cekovska Z, Kaftandzieva A, Zafirovik Z, Trajkovska-Dokic E. Evaluation of (1,3)--d-glucan assay in diagnosis of invasive fungal infections with Aspergillus . Arch Pub Health [Internet]. 2022 Jun. 23 [cited 2023 Oct. 3];14(1). Available from: https://id-press.eu/aph/article/view/6045

Copyright (c) 2021 Гордана Мирчевска, Жаклина Цековска , Ана Кафтанџиева, Зорица Зафировиќ, Елена Трајковска-Докиќ

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections caused by Aspergillus are a significant problem in immunocompromised and critically ill patients and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is still a big clinical and diagnostic challenge. Conventional methods are not sensitive enough, and therefore, there is a need for rapid, more sensitive methods for early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections with Aspergillus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance, sensitivity and specificity of serological panfungal (1,3)-b-D-glucan marker compared to conventional method for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections with Aspergillus. Material and methods: Specimens of 125 patients divided into 4 groups (group I - immune deficiency, group II - prolonged ICU stay, group III - chronic aspergillosis, group IV - cystic fibrosis), classified according to clinical diagnosis and EORTC/MSG criteria, were analyzed at the Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, with conventional and serological methods, during a period of two years. Results: A total of 71 isolates of Aspergillus were confirmed in this study. Four isolates were recovered from bloodculture of patients with primary immune deficiency. With BAL culture, Aspergillus was detected in the group of chronic aspergillosis (63.33%), followed by the groups of cystic fibrosis (56.67%), primary immune deficiency (51.43%), and the group with prolonged ICU stay (43.33%). Sensitivity and specificity of BAL culture were: 64.29% and 100%, 59.09% and 100%, 54.55% and 12.5%, 100% and 54.17%, in I, II, III and IV group, respectively. In 79.1% (53/67) from positive BAL cultures in all groups, A. fumigatus was confirmed, of which, 32.1% (17/53) in group III, followed by group I – 26.42% (14/53) and group IV – 26.42% (14/53), and 15.1% (8/53) in group II. Other species confirmed in BAL were A. flavus 16.42% (11/67) and A.terreus 4.48% (3/67). Sensitivity and specificity of the serological panfungal (1,3)-b-D-glucan (BDG) marker were: 64.71% and 85.71%, 50% and 87.5%, 36.36% and 50%, in groups I, II and III, respectively. No positive findings of the panfungal (1,3)-b-D-glucan (BDG) marker were found in the group with cystic fibrosis. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study have demonstrated that a positive (1,3)-b-D-glucan assay highlights the value of this test as a diagnostic adjunct in the serodiagnosis of invasive fungal infections with Aspergillus, and along with the results from conventional mycological investigation, helped in reaching a timely antifungal treatment with a favorable clinical outcome.

 

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