Техники и методи за детекција и дијагноза на орални премалигни и малигни лезии
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ОСНОВА: Оралните премалигни и малигни лезии бележат тенденција на доцна детекција, која е на штета на пациентите поради високите стапки на морбидитет и морталитет.. Токму затоа е важно раното дијагностицирање на овие нарушувања и заболувања.
ЦЕЛ: Целта на овој труд е да ги евалуираме дијагностичките средства и методи за детекција на премалигните и малигни орални лезии.
МАТЕРИЈАЛ И МЕТОДИ: За изработка на овој труд, спроведовме автоматско детално пребарување на интернет базата PubMed за периодот од 1966 година до 2014 година. Клучни зборови според кои го изведовме пребарувањето беа: “орални преканцерози, орален карцином, визуелни средства и молекуларни биолошки маркери”. Ги вклучивме и извештаите кои беа рецензирани и прифатени за објавување, а сеуште неиспечатени. Ги исклучивме статиите кои беа известувања од експерти, како и оние кои не беа од англиско издание или не беа изведени на хумани субјекти.
РЕЗУЛТАТИ: Од најчесто употребуваните техники и дијагностички тестови, виталните ткивни боења покажуваат сензитивност од 93.5% – 97.8% и нешто пониска специфичност од 73.3% - 92.9%. Употребата на современите алатки за визуелизација на ткивните аберации, бележат сензитивност од околу 30% и специфичност од 63%.
ЗАКЛУЧОК: Оралната цитологија, патохистолошкиот наод, молекуларните биолошки испитувања, како и примената на софистицирани визуелни средства во детекција на суспектните орални лезии, се смета дека ќе доведат до рано дијагностицирање и ќе го направи толкувањето на наодите далеку посигурно отколку порано.
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